VRET for social phobia: New evidence from a recent meta-analysis
Social phobias are among the most common anxiety disorders and pose particular challenges for therapists. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET) offers innovative approaches. A recent meta-analysis by Tan et al. (2025) investigates the effectiveness of VRET in social anxiety disorders.
Background and objectives
The study by Tan et al. (2025) aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of VRET compared to waitlist control groups and other interventions in the treatment of social phobia. For this purpose, 17 randomized controlled trials were analyzed.
Methodology
The researchers conducted a comprehensive literature search and calculated effect sizes using Hedges' g. Additionally, sensitivity analyses, subgroup analyses, and meta-regressions were conducted to identify potential influencing factors.
Results
- Comparison with waiting list control groups: VRET showed a significant reduction in anxiety symptoms compared to waitlist control groups both immediately after the intervention and at follow-up assessments.
- Comparison with other interventions: Compared to other established therapies, VRET showed comparable efficacy in reducing anxiety symptoms.
- Combination with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT): The combination of VRET with CBT resulted in a greater reduction in symptoms in patients with severe social anxiety.
- Meta-Regression: No significant covariates were identified that influenced the effectiveness of VRET.
Conclusions
The results of the meta-analysis suggest that VRET is an effective adjunct to the treatment of social phobia. In particular, its combination with CBT can improve treatment outcomes. However, the authors emphasize the need for further high-quality studies with long-term follow-up to confirm the sustainability of the treatment effects.
Implications for practice
For therapists, VRET offers the opportunity to confront patients with anxiety-provoking social situations in a controlled and safe environment. This can be particularly beneficial for patients who have difficulty facing real-life exposure situations.
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